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Proteomic Analysis Identifies Three Reliable Biomarkers of Intestinal Inflammation in the Stools of Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease

TitoloProteomic Analysis Identifies Three Reliable Biomarkers of Intestinal Inflammation in the Stools of Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Tipo di pubblicazioneArticolo su Rivista peer-reviewed
Anno di Pubblicazione2022
AutoriVitali, Roberta, Palone Francesca, Armuzzi Alessandro, Fulci Valerio, Negroni Anna, Carissimi Claudia, Cucchiara Salvatore, and Stronati L.
RivistaJournal of Crohn's and Colitis
Volume17
Issue1
Paginazione92 - 102
Data di pubblicazioneJun-08-2024
ISSN18739946
Parole chiavebiological marker, Biomarkers, calgranulin, chemistry, chymotrypsin, colitis, complication, Crohn disease, feces, gelsolin, human, Humans, inflammation, inflammatory bowel disease, Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Intestinal Mucosa, intestine mucosa, Leukocyte L1 Antigen Complex, metabolism, Proteomics, Rho guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor 2, rho Guanine Nucleotide Dissociation Inhibitor beta, severity of illness index, Ulcerative, ulcerative colitis
Abstract

Background: Faecal biomarkers have emerged as important tools in managing of inflammatory bowel disease [IBD], which includes Crohn's disease [CD] and ulcerative colitis [UC]. Aim: To identify new biomarkers of gut inflammation in the stools of IBD patients using a proteomic approach. Methods: Proteomic analysis of stools was performed in patients with both active CD and CD in remission and in controls by 2-DIGE and MALDI-TOF/TOF MS. An ELISA was used to confirm results in a second cohort of IBD patients and controls. Results: 2-DIGE analysis detected 70 spots in the stools of patients with active CD or patients in remission CD and in controls. MALDI-TOF/TOF MS analysis identified 21 proteins with Chymotrypsin C, Gelsolin and Rho GDP-dissociation inhibitor 2 [RhoGDI2] best correlating with the levels of intestinal inflammation. Results were confirmed in a second cohort of IBD patients and controls [57 CD, 60 UC, 31 controls]. The identified faecal markers significantly correlated with the severity of intestinal inflammation in IBD patients [SES-CD in CD, Mayo endoscopic subscore in UC] [CD; Chymotrypsin-C: r = 0.64, p < 0.001; Gelsolin: r = 0.82, p < 0.001; RhoGDI2: r = 0.64, p < 0.001; UC; Chymotrypsin-C: r = 0.76, p < 0.001; Gelsolin: r = 0.75, p < 0.001; RhoGDI2: r = 0.63, p < 0.001]. Moreover, ROC analysis showed that Gelsolin [p < 0.0002] and RhoGDI2 [p < 0.0001] in CD, and RhoGDI2 [p = 0.0004] in UC, have higher sensitivity and specificity than faecal calprotectin in discriminating between patients and controls. Conclusions: We show for the first time that 2-DIGE is a reliable method to detect proteins in human stools. Three novel faecal biomarkers of gut inflammation have been identified that display good specificity and sensitivity for identifying IBD and significantly correlate with IBD severity. © The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of European Crohn's and Colitis Organisation. All rights reserved.

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URLhttps://academic.oup.com/ecco-jcc/article/17/1/92/6679173
DOI10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjac110
Citation Key11599